The following two ecology chapters, Chapter 31 (The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems) and Chapter 32 (Global Ecology), have been thoroughly updated for the seventh edition of Biology of Plants with major contributions from Paul Zedler at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.
 
Note: These files may take a few minutes to download due to their file size.


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Chapter 31: The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems 4.09MB (.pdf)
Chapter 32 Global Ecology 6.27MB (.pdf)

 
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PC users 1. Right-click on a chapter link above. 2. From the pop-up menu, select "Save Link", (if you are using Netscape) or "Save Target" (if you are using Internet Explorer). 3. In the "Save As" dialog box, select a location on your hard drive and rename the file, if you would like, then click "save".Note the name and location of the file so you can open it later.
 
Macintosh users 1. Click and hold your mouse on a chapter link above. 2. From the pop-up menu, select "Save Link As" (if you are using Netscape) or "Save Target As" (if you are using Internet Explorer). 3. In the "Save As" dialog box, select a location on your hard drive and rename the file, if you would like, then click "save". Note the name and location of the file so you can open it later.