Video: Relative reactivity of lithium and sodium with water

Lithium is added to water containing phenolphthalein indicator. The water turns the characteristic purple color of the base form of the indicator.

2 Li(s) + 2 H2O(l) ® 2 LiOH(aq) + H2(g)

The experiment is repeated with sodium. The reaction is more rapid. Also, the heat of reaction is sufficient to melt the sodium giving a globule of molten sodium skittering around.

2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) ® 2 NaOH(aq) + H2(g)